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Biology class IX Ch-07. Diversity in Living Organisms
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Questions from Board Exam Chapter : Diversity in Living organism
1 . Which group of plant is called cryptogamy? Give two example
Ans : Plants group with hidden reproductive organs are called cryptogamy eg.algae, lichens, mosses, etc.
The thallophytes, the bryophytes and the pteridophytes(any one)
2 .What are the modification produced by Car Woese, in the classification proposed by Whittaker
Ans : The modification Woese divide the kingdom Monera into Archaebacteria (or
Archaea) and Eubacteria (or Bacteria)
3 .Name one mammal that lay eggs
Ans : The platypus and the echidna
4 . Classify the following into respective Phylum/class: jellyfish; Earthworm; cockroach; Rat
Ans: Jellyfish - Coelenterate
Cockroach - Arthropoda
Rat - Mammalian
Earthworm - Annelida
5 . Select the odd one out with respect to classification giving reason for your choice
(a) Mango, Gram , rice, Apple (b) Prawn, Scorpion, Octopus, Butterfly
Ans: (a) Rice – a monocotyledonous other are dicotyledonous
(b) Octopus which belong to Mollusca other are Arthropoda
6. (a) Give one characteristic difference between primitive and advanced organisms.
(b) Name the phylum to which the following are included.
(i) Spider (ii) Cockroach (iii) Prawn (iv) Housefly[2]
Ans : (a) The activities of life are performed by a single cell in primitive organisms while there are different organs for performing various functions in advanced organisms.
(b) (i) Spider – Arachnida (ii) Cockroach – Dictyoptera (iii) Prawn – Arthropoda (iv) Housefly – Arthropoda
7 . Enlist any two characteristics which are present in animals which belong to phylum chordata.
Ans : All chordates possess the following features:
(i) have a notochord (ii) have a dorsal nerve cord (iii) are triploblastic (iv) have paired gill pouches
8. Write three distinguish feature of phylum Echinodarmata. Give one example.
Ans : Three distinguish feature of phylum Echinodarmata :
(i) Free-living marine animals (ii) triploblastic (ii) have a coelomic cavity
Examples are starfish and sea urchins
9. Explain, What are organ specific manifestation and tissue specific manifestations?
Ans: When a microbe infects the specific organ of an individual in a particular type of disease, it is termed as organ specific manifestation. For example, in tuberculosis the microbe infects the specific organ i.e. lungs of an individual.
When a microbe infects the tissues of the body of an individual in a particular type of disease, it is termed as tissue specific manifestation. For example, in HIV the virus infects the tissue and cells of the organism making decreasing his/her immunity.
10. What are the advantage of classifying organism? (3 point)
Ans: Followings are the advantage of classifying organism
1. Classification helps in identify the living organisms easily.
2. It makes study of such a wide variety of bio-life in systematic manner.
3. Enables us understand how complex organisms evolve over the time.
4. Classification help us understand the inter-relationships among different groups.
11 . Write one point difference between each , between the following
(a) Annelids and arthropods (b) Thallophytes and petridophytes (c) periferan and Coelenterates
Ans :
(a) Annelids have closed circulatory systems in which the heart pumps blood into vessels where as Arthropods, however, have open circulatory systems, so the blood actually pumps the blood into parts of the body cavity known as sinuses
(b) Thallophytes do not have well-differentiated body design and petridophytes easily differentiated into roots, stem and leaves
(c) Porifera have very minimal body design differentiation where as Coelenterates show more body design differentiation.
12 . Write the appropriate term for
(a)Animals that are able to maintain a certain body temp over a wide range of temp in the environment
(b) Plants bear naked seeds (c) Plants which have Pseudocoelom
Ans
(a) warm blooded animals- mammals and aves
(b) Gymnosperms
(c) Nematode
13 . Write one point difference between each , between the following
(a) Amphibian and Reptiles (b) Aves and mamals (c) Gymnosperm and angioosperm
Ans: (a) Reptiles lay eggs with tough coverings and do not need to lay their eggs in water, unlike amphibians.
(b) Aves are warm-blooded animals and have a four-chambered heart. They lay eggs. Whereas mamals are warm-blooded animals and have a four-chambered heart. They have mammary gland and give birth to child.
(c) Gymnosperm bear naked seeds where as angioosperm bear seeds inside fruit
14. Write three convention that are followed while writing scientific names of the species .
Ans : The system of scientific naming or nomenclature we use today was introduced by Carolus Linnaeus
Certain conventions are followed while writing the scientific names:
1. The name of the genus begins with a capital letter.
2. The name of the species begins with a small letter.
3. When printed, the scientific name is given in italics.
4. When written by hand, the genus name and the species name have to be underlined separately
15 . Why is there a need for systematic naming of living organisms?
Ans : The scientific name for an organism is essential to identify living organisms anywhere in the world.
16 . In angiosperm, seeds are developed inside fruit. The seeds may have single or Double cotylendon which becames green on germination
(i) what will happen if the cotyledon is not green ?
(ii) How the plants are classified on the basis of number of leaves ?
(iii) Seeds of pine tree are found to be naked. what do you call such tree ?
(iv) Can you identify a monocoatyledon or dicotyledon from their leaves ?
(v) What will happen if pollination doesnot take place in angiosperm ?
Ans
(i) seeds do not germinate
(ii) Cotyledon is a modified leaf of the embryo in seed-bearing plants, that emerges from a germinating seed. Main purpose of cotyledon is storage or absorption of food reserves.
The angiosperms are divided into two groups on the basis of the number of cotyledons present in the seed.
Plants with seeds having a single cotyledon are called monocotyledonous or monocots. Plants with seeds having two cotyledons are called dicots
(iii) Gymnosperms
(iv) yes, If the leaves have parallel venations that are long and thin, then the plant is monocot. If the leaves have a branched venation, then the plant is a dicot.
(v) If pollination does not take place in angiosperms, no seeds and fruits are produced by the plants because fruit development is triggered by pollination and seeds are produced through fertilisation which only happen if pollination takes place.
17. (a)Write any four feature that all chordates posses
(b) Deffrentiate b/w aves and mammals any threee point
Ans :Following are the four feature that all chordates posses
(a) ll chordates possess the following features:
(i) have a notochord
(ii) have a dorsal nerve cord
(iii) are triploblastic
(iv) have paired gill pouches
(v) are coelomate.
(b) Aves group
Most birds have feathers and they possess a beak. They lays eggs, hence are oviparous.
Mammalian group
They do not have feathers and beak is also not present. Some of them lay eggs and some give birth to young hence they are both viviparous and oviparous
18. Prove that Labio Rohita (rohu) is a chordeta.
Ans : Presence of the following four characters proves that Labeo (Rohita) is a chordate:
(a) Notochord: A solid notochord is present on the dorsal side between the nerve cord and the alimentary canal.
(b) Dorsal hollow nerve cord: A hollow nerve cord lies dorsal to the notochord.
(c) Pharyngeal slits: A series of paired narrow openings called the gill slits are present on the lateral side of the pharynx.
(d) Tail: It is present in postanal part of the body.
19 . (a) State two characteristic feature of Annelida
(b) Identify on the basis of following features:
(i) Organism without well defined nucleus and organelles
(ii) Heterotrophic eukaryotic organism
(iii) Multicellular eukaryotic organism without cell wall
Ans :
(a) bilaterally symmetrical ,triploblastic and have a true body cavity.
(b) (i) prokaryote [monara] (ii) fungi ,yeast (iii) Animallia [man]
20: (a) Define the following terms: (i) Lichens (ii) Cryptogamae (iii) Phanerogams
(b) Why whales are not grouped in the fishes? (c) What is bilateral symmetry?
Ans : (a) (i) Lichens: Some fungal species live in permanent mutually dependent relationships with blue-green algae. Such relationships are called symbiotic and the symbiotic life forms are called lichens.
(ii) Cryptogamae: The reproductive organs of the thallophytes, the bryophytes and the pteridophytes are very inconspicuous and are therefore, called 'cryptogamae'. It means the plants with 'hidden reproductive organs'.
(iii) Phanerogams: The plants with well differentiated reproductive tissues that ultimately make seeds are called 'phanerogams'.
(b) Whales can swim in water like the fishes but are not fish as they respire with lungs and have four chambered heart and mammary glands, so they are mammals.
(c) When the body of an organism can be cut into two similar halves which are mirror image of each other, only by one plane then the organism is said to have bilateral symmetry
21 . (a) Give reasons for the following:
(i) Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant kingdom.
(ii) From Phylum Platyhelminthes onwards, animals are categorized as 'triploblastic'.
(iii) The presence of 'coelom' in an animal's body is considered as advantageous.
(b) What are oviparous animals?
(c) Name the phylum in which pharyngeal gill slits are present.
Ans : (a) (i) Just like amphibians, bryophytes require water for fertilization as their gametes require aqueous medium for movement.
(ii) There are three layers of cells from which differentiated tissues can be made. This allows inside and outside body linings as well as some organs to be made. There is thus some degree of tissue formation.
(iii) Coelom is a true internal body cavity in which well-developed organs can be accommodated.
(b) The animals which lay eggs are known as oviparous animals.
(c) Chordata.
22 . Moss is brophytes . the feature that confirm this fact is
(a) undiffrentiated plant body called thallus (b) presence of false root rzizoid and spore bearing capsule
(c) true root ,leaves and spore baring sori (d) nacked seeds ans: [c]
23 . in angiospermic plant the part that develop into root is
(a) Radicle (b) Node (c) Cotylendon (d) Plumule Ans: (a)
24. Broad leaves are characteristics feature of plant with:
(a) fibrous root system (b) trimerous flower (c) parallel venation (d) reticulate venation ans: [c]
25. Dicot plants in their seeds have
(a)one cotyledon (b) two cotyledon (c) Many cotyledon (d) No cotyledon Ans (b)
26.Q. Associate the following feature with group in which they first appear [2014]
a. Vascular tissue b. Notochords c. seeds inside fruit
Ans: a. pteridophyta b. Protochordata c. angiosperms.
27. Q. Identify the organ shown in fig write common name and scientific name. Name its phylum and kingdom. Which organ of digestive system normally harbors this organism.
Ans: a. Common Name: Roundworm
b. scientific name of roundworm : Ascaris lumbricoides Nematode
b. Phylum –Nematoda and Kingdom Anamalia
28. Q.A pore bearing organism like creature “A” belong to a phylum “B” of kingdom Animalia. [ 2014]
Ans: A- Sponge B- Porifera
Q. 29. Carolus Liniaus gave the two kingdom of classification. Latter it was changed by Ernst Haikel (1894) and in 1959 , ,Whittaker gave the five kingdom classification. Do you think that studying about the work done by earlier scientists or their obsolete theories is useful for student of this generation? Give three reasons. 2014
Ans: Yes , absolutely studying the works of the earlier scientists is very much useful as it gives the information about the basis of classification like how organisms were classified and the different types of organisms present in this environment. It also helps them to do further studies and find out what the drawbacks were in those systems and how one can overcome those problems which the earlier scientists faced. By studying the works of the earlier scientists researchers will be able to make a much better and a easy method of classification and will be able to add new species according to their respective kingdoms .
Q. 30.What are phanerogams? Name its two groups along with the criteria of division
Ans: Plants with well differentiated reproductive tissues that ultimately make seeds are called phanerogams. This group is further classified, based on whether the seeds are naked or enclosed in fruits, giving us two groups: gymnosperms and angiosperms
Q. 31.What are phanerogams? Name its two groups along with the criteria of division?
Ans: Plants with well differentiated reproductive tissues that ultimately make seeds are called phanerogams. This group is further classified, based on whether the seeds are naked or enclosed in fruits, giving us two groups: gymnosperms and angiosperms
Q. 32. Represent feature of following Fish, Frog, Snake, sparrow and Bat
Ans:
Fish lay eggs cold-blooded
Frog lay eggs cold-blooded
Snake lay eggs cold-blooded
sparrow lay eggs warm-blooded
Bat give birth young ones warm-blooded
Q. 33. State any two characteristics of mammalian. Name two egg laying mammals.
Ans: Two characteristics of mammalian - give birth young ones, warm-blooded and have a four-chambered heart. The platypus and the echidna are two egg laying mammals
Q. 34. Name the largest group of animals. Write the salient features of this group. Give two examples
Ans: Arthropoda is probably the largest group of animals. These animals are bilaterally symmetrical and segmented and having coelomic cavity filled with blood. They have jointed legs . Examples : prawns, butterflies, houseflies, spiders, scorpions and crabs
Q. 35. Q. Answer these Questions:
a)Which division has the simplest plants?
b) To which division pinus and cycas belong?
c) What is the other name given to the flowering plants? Classify them on the basis of number of cotyledons present in the seed
Ans:
(a) Thallophyta
(b) Gymnosperms
(c) angiosperm is the other name given to the flowering plants. The angiosperms are divided into two groups on the basis of the number of cotyledons present in the seed.
Plants with seeds having a single cotyledon are called monocotyledonous or monocots.
Plants with seeds having two cotyledons are called dicots
36. Q. Define Taxonomy. Who is known as father of taxonomy?
Ans: The branch of science that classify living organisms among different categories or groups is called taxonomy. Taxonomy is the science of identifying and naming species and organising them into systems of classification.
Carl Linnaeus is known as father of taxonomy
37. Q. Name the book written by Carolus Linnaeus on classification of organisms. In how many kingdoms Carolus Linnaeus diving living beings?
Answer: Systema Naturae. Two kingdoms i.e. Plantae (Plants) and Animalia (Animals)
38. Q. Name the scientist who created the third kingdom for all microscopic unicellular organisms. What did he call it?
Answer: After Linnaeus proposed two kingdoms, German biologist, Ernst Haeckel proposed third kingdom for all microscopic unicellular organisms and called it Protists.
39. Q. Name the organisms which are outside the classification.
Answer: Viruses and Prions
40. Q. Classify the following organisms into their respective kingdoms as per Whittaker's five-kingdom system.
humans, mushroom, herbs, amoeba, E.coli, euglena, mold, birds, insects, bushes, paramecium, trees, dogs, streptococcus.
Answer:
Kingdom Monera: E.coli, streptococcus (bacteria)
Kingdom Protista: amoeba, euglena, paramecium
Kingdom Fungi: mushroom, mold,
Kingdom Plantae: herbs, bushes, trees
Kingdom Animalia: humans, birds, insects, dogs
41. Q. Why are bryophytes called the amphibians of the plant kingdom?
Answer: Bryophytes are known as 'amphibians of the plant kingdom' because these plants can live in soil but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction.Usually they are found in humid and damp areas
42. Q. Needle shaped structure in pines plant is – (a) Leaf (b) Shoot (c) Stem (d) Reproductive part
Ans: leaf
43. Q. Protochordotes posses a notochord in larva form . Appraise use of this feature in these animal.
Ans: The notochord is a long rod-like support structure (chord=string) that runs along the back of the animal separating the nervous tissue from the gut. It provides a place for muscles to attach for ease of movement.
44. Q. Write four conventions are followed while writing the scientific names of organism. Write the scientific names of tiger?
Ans: Certain conventions are followed while writing the scientific names of organism are as follows:
1. The name of the genus begins with a capital letter.
2. The name of the species begins with a small letter.
3. When printed, the scientific name is given in italics.
4. When written by hand, the genus name and the species name have to be underlined separately
The scientific names of tiger is Panthera tigris and the scientific names of lion is Panthera leo
Importance – The scientific names are unique, understood and followed all over the world. They are not changed easily.
45. Q. Purpose three examples of characteristics used for hierarchical classification. Based on these, develop the definition of characteristics. Why the characteristics of body design used for classification of plants is different from those used for classifying animals
Ans:
a. Characteristics used for hierarchical classification of living organisms are:-
(i) They are unicellular or multicellular.
(ii) The mode of nutrition.
(iii) The mode of reproduction.
b. Characteristics mean features or qualities of any organism.
c. The characteristics of body design used for classification of plants is different from those used for classifying animals because the basic body designs are different based on the need to prepare food or obtain it by consuming other organisms. Organisms that produce their own food have structures like chloroplasts which contain pigments like chlorophyll necessary for synthesis of food.
Organisms that acquire food lack structures for the production of food and completely dependent on the others organisms for their nutrition.
46. Q. What is the scientific name of human ,pea ,peacock and ostrich ?
Ans. Homo sapiens sapiens Pea - Pisum sativum Peacock - Pavo cristatus Ostrich - struthio.
47. Q. (i) Identify the class of animals having the following characteristic features.
(a) The warm blooded animals that lay eggs and have four chambered heart and a covering of feathers.
(b) The cold blooded animals having scales and they breathe through lungs.
(ii) Give one example of an animal belonging to each of these classes.
Ans. (i) (a) Aves (b) Reptilia (ii) (b) Aves Example – Duck Reptilia Example – Lizard
48. Q. In the hierarchy of classification, which grouping will have the smallest number of organisms with maximum characteristics in common and which will have the largest number of organisms?
Ans. In the hierarchy of classification, the category ‘‘species’’ has the smallest number of organisms with a maximum of characteristics in common. On the other side, the category ‘‘kingdom’’ has the largest number of organisms as it is at the top level of the hierarchy.
49. Q. On the basis of seed how a maize plant is different from a pea plant?
Ans: Maize plant is different from a pea plant because in maize seeds contain only one cotyledon in the embryo. While in pea plants seeds contain two cotyledons in the embryo.
50. Q. Define the terms and give one example of each (i) Bilateral symmetry (ii) Coelom (iii) Triplobastic
Ans. (i) Bilateral symmetry – When the body of an organism can be cut into similar halves which are mirror images of each other, only by one plane. Example – man
(ii) Coelom – Body cavity of tripoblastic animals lying within the mesoderm and lined by it. Example – Annelida
(iii)Triploblastic – Animals having a body made of three germ layers : ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Example – Fasciola (liver fluke)
51. Q. Why do we keep both snake and turtle in the same class?
Ans: We keep snake turtle in same class because
Because both are (i) cold blooded (ii) have scales (iii) breathe through lungs (iv) have three chamberd heart.
(v) They do not need to lay thin eggs in water.
Diversity in Living Organisms class 9 solved more than 150 Questions for CBSE exam
1 . Which group of plant is called cryptogamy? Give two example
Ans : Plants group with hidden reproductive organs are called cryptogamy eg.algae, lichens, mosses, etc.
The thallophytes, the bryophytes and the pteridophytes(any one)
2 .What are the modification produced by Car Woese, in the classification proposed by Whittaker
Ans : The modification Woese divide the kingdom Monera into Archaebacteria (or
Archaea) and Eubacteria (or Bacteria)
3 .Name one mammal that lay eggs
Ans : The platypus and the echidna
4 . Classify the following into respective Phylum/class: jellyfish; Earthworm; cockroach; Rat
Ans: Jellyfish - Coelenterate
Cockroach - Arthropoda
Rat - Mammalian
Earthworm - Annelida
5 . Select the odd one out with respect to classification giving reason for your choice
(a) Mango, Gram , rice, Apple (b) Prawn, Scorpion, Octopus, Butterfly
Ans: (a) Rice – a monocotyledonous other are dicotyledonous
(b) Octopus which belong to Mollusca other are Arthropoda
6. (a) Give one characteristic difference between primitive and advanced organisms.
(b) Name the phylum to which the following are included.
(i) Spider (ii) Cockroach (iii) Prawn (iv) Housefly[2]
Ans : (a) The activities of life are performed by a single cell in primitive organisms while there are different organs for performing various functions in advanced organisms.
(b) (i) Spider – Arachnida (ii) Cockroach – Dictyoptera (iii) Prawn – Arthropoda (iv) Housefly – Arthropoda
7 . Enlist any two characteristics which are present in animals which belong to phylum chordata.
Ans : All chordates possess the following features:
(i) have a notochord (ii) have a dorsal nerve cord (iii) are triploblastic (iv) have paired gill pouches
8. Write three distinguish feature of phylum Echinodarmata. Give one example.
Ans : Three distinguish feature of phylum Echinodarmata :
(i) Free-living marine animals (ii) triploblastic (ii) have a coelomic cavity
Examples are starfish and sea urchins
9. Explain, What are organ specific manifestation and tissue specific manifestations?
Ans: When a microbe infects the specific organ of an individual in a particular type of disease, it is termed as organ specific manifestation. For example, in tuberculosis the microbe infects the specific organ i.e. lungs of an individual.
When a microbe infects the tissues of the body of an individual in a particular type of disease, it is termed as tissue specific manifestation. For example, in HIV the virus infects the tissue and cells of the organism making decreasing his/her immunity.
10. What are the advantage of classifying organism? (3 point)
Ans: Followings are the advantage of classifying organism
1. Classification helps in identify the living organisms easily.
2. It makes study of such a wide variety of bio-life in systematic manner.
3. Enables us understand how complex organisms evolve over the time.
4. Classification help us understand the inter-relationships among different groups.
11 . Write one point difference between each , between the following
(a) Annelids and arthropods (b) Thallophytes and petridophytes (c) periferan and Coelenterates
Ans :
(a) Annelids have closed circulatory systems in which the heart pumps blood into vessels where as Arthropods, however, have open circulatory systems, so the blood actually pumps the blood into parts of the body cavity known as sinuses
(b) Thallophytes do not have well-differentiated body design and petridophytes easily differentiated into roots, stem and leaves
(c) Porifera have very minimal body design differentiation where as Coelenterates show more body design differentiation.
12 . Write the appropriate term for
(a)Animals that are able to maintain a certain body temp over a wide range of temp in the environment
(b) Plants bear naked seeds (c) Plants which have Pseudocoelom
Ans
(a) warm blooded animals- mammals and aves
(b) Gymnosperms
(c) Nematode
13 . Write one point difference between each , between the following
(a) Amphibian and Reptiles (b) Aves and mamals (c) Gymnosperm and angioosperm
Ans: (a) Reptiles lay eggs with tough coverings and do not need to lay their eggs in water, unlike amphibians.
(b) Aves are warm-blooded animals and have a four-chambered heart. They lay eggs. Whereas mamals are warm-blooded animals and have a four-chambered heart. They have mammary gland and give birth to child.
(c) Gymnosperm bear naked seeds where as angioosperm bear seeds inside fruit
14. Write three convention that are followed while writing scientific names of the species .
Ans : The system of scientific naming or nomenclature we use today was introduced by Carolus Linnaeus
Certain conventions are followed while writing the scientific names:
1. The name of the genus begins with a capital letter.
2. The name of the species begins with a small letter.
3. When printed, the scientific name is given in italics.
4. When written by hand, the genus name and the species name have to be underlined separately
15 . Why is there a need for systematic naming of living organisms?
Ans : The scientific name for an organism is essential to identify living organisms anywhere in the world.
16 . In angiosperm, seeds are developed inside fruit. The seeds may have single or Double cotylendon which becames green on germination
(i) what will happen if the cotyledon is not green ?
(ii) How the plants are classified on the basis of number of leaves ?
(iii) Seeds of pine tree are found to be naked. what do you call such tree ?
(iv) Can you identify a monocoatyledon or dicotyledon from their leaves ?
(v) What will happen if pollination doesnot take place in angiosperm ?
Ans
(i) seeds do not germinate
(ii) Cotyledon is a modified leaf of the embryo in seed-bearing plants, that emerges from a germinating seed. Main purpose of cotyledon is storage or absorption of food reserves.
The angiosperms are divided into two groups on the basis of the number of cotyledons present in the seed.
Plants with seeds having a single cotyledon are called monocotyledonous or monocots. Plants with seeds having two cotyledons are called dicots
(iii) Gymnosperms
(iv) yes, If the leaves have parallel venations that are long and thin, then the plant is monocot. If the leaves have a branched venation, then the plant is a dicot.
(v) If pollination does not take place in angiosperms, no seeds and fruits are produced by the plants because fruit development is triggered by pollination and seeds are produced through fertilisation which only happen if pollination takes place.
17. (a)Write any four feature that all chordates posses
(b) Deffrentiate b/w aves and mammals any threee point
Ans :Following are the four feature that all chordates posses
(a) ll chordates possess the following features:
(i) have a notochord
(ii) have a dorsal nerve cord
(iii) are triploblastic
(iv) have paired gill pouches
(v) are coelomate.
(b) Aves group
Most birds have feathers and they possess a beak. They lays eggs, hence are oviparous.
Mammalian group
They do not have feathers and beak is also not present. Some of them lay eggs and some give birth to young hence they are both viviparous and oviparous
18. Prove that Labio Rohita (rohu) is a chordeta.
Ans : Presence of the following four characters proves that Labeo (Rohita) is a chordate:
(a) Notochord: A solid notochord is present on the dorsal side between the nerve cord and the alimentary canal.
(b) Dorsal hollow nerve cord: A hollow nerve cord lies dorsal to the notochord.
(c) Pharyngeal slits: A series of paired narrow openings called the gill slits are present on the lateral side of the pharynx.
(d) Tail: It is present in postanal part of the body.
19 . (a) State two characteristic feature of Annelida
(b) Identify on the basis of following features:
(i) Organism without well defined nucleus and organelles
(ii) Heterotrophic eukaryotic organism
(iii) Multicellular eukaryotic organism without cell wall
Ans :
(a) bilaterally symmetrical ,triploblastic and have a true body cavity.
(b) (i) prokaryote [monara] (ii) fungi ,yeast (iii) Animallia [man]
20: (a) Define the following terms: (i) Lichens (ii) Cryptogamae (iii) Phanerogams
(b) Why whales are not grouped in the fishes? (c) What is bilateral symmetry?
Ans : (a) (i) Lichens: Some fungal species live in permanent mutually dependent relationships with blue-green algae. Such relationships are called symbiotic and the symbiotic life forms are called lichens.
(ii) Cryptogamae: The reproductive organs of the thallophytes, the bryophytes and the pteridophytes are very inconspicuous and are therefore, called 'cryptogamae'. It means the plants with 'hidden reproductive organs'.
(iii) Phanerogams: The plants with well differentiated reproductive tissues that ultimately make seeds are called 'phanerogams'.
(b) Whales can swim in water like the fishes but are not fish as they respire with lungs and have four chambered heart and mammary glands, so they are mammals.
(c) When the body of an organism can be cut into two similar halves which are mirror image of each other, only by one plane then the organism is said to have bilateral symmetry
21 . (a) Give reasons for the following:
(i) Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant kingdom.
(ii) From Phylum Platyhelminthes onwards, animals are categorized as 'triploblastic'.
(iii) The presence of 'coelom' in an animal's body is considered as advantageous.
(b) What are oviparous animals?
(c) Name the phylum in which pharyngeal gill slits are present.
Ans : (a) (i) Just like amphibians, bryophytes require water for fertilization as their gametes require aqueous medium for movement.
(ii) There are three layers of cells from which differentiated tissues can be made. This allows inside and outside body linings as well as some organs to be made. There is thus some degree of tissue formation.
(iii) Coelom is a true internal body cavity in which well-developed organs can be accommodated.
(b) The animals which lay eggs are known as oviparous animals.
(c) Chordata.
22 . Moss is brophytes . the feature that confirm this fact is
(a) undiffrentiated plant body called thallus (b) presence of false root rzizoid and spore bearing capsule
(c) true root ,leaves and spore baring sori (d) nacked seeds ans: [c]
23 . in angiospermic plant the part that develop into root is
(a) Radicle (b) Node (c) Cotylendon (d) Plumule Ans: (a)
24. Broad leaves are characteristics feature of plant with:
(a) fibrous root system (b) trimerous flower (c) parallel venation (d) reticulate venation ans: [c]
25. Dicot plants in their seeds have
(a)one cotyledon (b) two cotyledon (c) Many cotyledon (d) No cotyledon Ans (b)
26.Q. Associate the following feature with group in which they first appear [2014]
a. Vascular tissue b. Notochords c. seeds inside fruit
Ans: a. pteridophyta b. Protochordata c. angiosperms.
27. Q. Identify the organ shown in fig write common name and scientific name. Name its phylum and kingdom. Which organ of digestive system normally harbors this organism.
Ans: a. Common Name: Roundworm
b. scientific name of roundworm : Ascaris lumbricoides Nematode
b. Phylum –Nematoda and Kingdom Anamalia
28. Q.A pore bearing organism like creature “A” belong to a phylum “B” of kingdom Animalia. [ 2014]
Ans: A- Sponge B- Porifera
Q. 29. Carolus Liniaus gave the two kingdom of classification. Latter it was changed by Ernst Haikel (1894) and in 1959 , ,Whittaker gave the five kingdom classification. Do you think that studying about the work done by earlier scientists or their obsolete theories is useful for student of this generation? Give three reasons. 2014
Ans: Yes , absolutely studying the works of the earlier scientists is very much useful as it gives the information about the basis of classification like how organisms were classified and the different types of organisms present in this environment. It also helps them to do further studies and find out what the drawbacks were in those systems and how one can overcome those problems which the earlier scientists faced. By studying the works of the earlier scientists researchers will be able to make a much better and a easy method of classification and will be able to add new species according to their respective kingdoms .
Q. 30.What are phanerogams? Name its two groups along with the criteria of division
Ans: Plants with well differentiated reproductive tissues that ultimately make seeds are called phanerogams. This group is further classified, based on whether the seeds are naked or enclosed in fruits, giving us two groups: gymnosperms and angiosperms
Q. 31.What are phanerogams? Name its two groups along with the criteria of division?
Ans: Plants with well differentiated reproductive tissues that ultimately make seeds are called phanerogams. This group is further classified, based on whether the seeds are naked or enclosed in fruits, giving us two groups: gymnosperms and angiosperms
Q. 32. Represent feature of following Fish, Frog, Snake, sparrow and Bat
Ans:
Fish lay eggs cold-blooded
Frog lay eggs cold-blooded
Snake lay eggs cold-blooded
sparrow lay eggs warm-blooded
Bat give birth young ones warm-blooded
Q. 33. State any two characteristics of mammalian. Name two egg laying mammals.
Ans: Two characteristics of mammalian - give birth young ones, warm-blooded and have a four-chambered heart. The platypus and the echidna are two egg laying mammals
Q. 34. Name the largest group of animals. Write the salient features of this group. Give two examples
Ans: Arthropoda is probably the largest group of animals. These animals are bilaterally symmetrical and segmented and having coelomic cavity filled with blood. They have jointed legs . Examples : prawns, butterflies, houseflies, spiders, scorpions and crabs
Q. 35. Q. Answer these Questions:
a)Which division has the simplest plants?
b) To which division pinus and cycas belong?
c) What is the other name given to the flowering plants? Classify them on the basis of number of cotyledons present in the seed
Ans:
(a) Thallophyta
(b) Gymnosperms
(c) angiosperm is the other name given to the flowering plants. The angiosperms are divided into two groups on the basis of the number of cotyledons present in the seed.
Plants with seeds having a single cotyledon are called monocotyledonous or monocots.
Plants with seeds having two cotyledons are called dicots
36. Q. Define Taxonomy. Who is known as father of taxonomy?
Ans: The branch of science that classify living organisms among different categories or groups is called taxonomy. Taxonomy is the science of identifying and naming species and organising them into systems of classification.
Carl Linnaeus is known as father of taxonomy
37. Q. Name the book written by Carolus Linnaeus on classification of organisms. In how many kingdoms Carolus Linnaeus diving living beings?
Answer: Systema Naturae. Two kingdoms i.e. Plantae (Plants) and Animalia (Animals)
38. Q. Name the scientist who created the third kingdom for all microscopic unicellular organisms. What did he call it?
Answer: After Linnaeus proposed two kingdoms, German biologist, Ernst Haeckel proposed third kingdom for all microscopic unicellular organisms and called it Protists.
39. Q. Name the organisms which are outside the classification.
Answer: Viruses and Prions
40. Q. Classify the following organisms into their respective kingdoms as per Whittaker's five-kingdom system.
humans, mushroom, herbs, amoeba, E.coli, euglena, mold, birds, insects, bushes, paramecium, trees, dogs, streptococcus.
Answer:
Kingdom Monera: E.coli, streptococcus (bacteria)
Kingdom Protista: amoeba, euglena, paramecium
Kingdom Fungi: mushroom, mold,
Kingdom Plantae: herbs, bushes, trees
Kingdom Animalia: humans, birds, insects, dogs
41. Q. Why are bryophytes called the amphibians of the plant kingdom?
Answer: Bryophytes are known as 'amphibians of the plant kingdom' because these plants can live in soil but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction.Usually they are found in humid and damp areas
42. Q. Needle shaped structure in pines plant is – (a) Leaf (b) Shoot (c) Stem (d) Reproductive part
Ans: leaf
43. Q. Protochordotes posses a notochord in larva form . Appraise use of this feature in these animal.
Ans: The notochord is a long rod-like support structure (chord=string) that runs along the back of the animal separating the nervous tissue from the gut. It provides a place for muscles to attach for ease of movement.
44. Q. Write four conventions are followed while writing the scientific names of organism. Write the scientific names of tiger?
Ans: Certain conventions are followed while writing the scientific names of organism are as follows:
1. The name of the genus begins with a capital letter.
2. The name of the species begins with a small letter.
3. When printed, the scientific name is given in italics.
4. When written by hand, the genus name and the species name have to be underlined separately
The scientific names of tiger is Panthera tigris and the scientific names of lion is Panthera leo
Importance – The scientific names are unique, understood and followed all over the world. They are not changed easily.
45. Q. Purpose three examples of characteristics used for hierarchical classification. Based on these, develop the definition of characteristics. Why the characteristics of body design used for classification of plants is different from those used for classifying animals
Ans:
a. Characteristics used for hierarchical classification of living organisms are:-
(i) They are unicellular or multicellular.
(ii) The mode of nutrition.
(iii) The mode of reproduction.
b. Characteristics mean features or qualities of any organism.
c. The characteristics of body design used for classification of plants is different from those used for classifying animals because the basic body designs are different based on the need to prepare food or obtain it by consuming other organisms. Organisms that produce their own food have structures like chloroplasts which contain pigments like chlorophyll necessary for synthesis of food.
Organisms that acquire food lack structures for the production of food and completely dependent on the others organisms for their nutrition.
46. Q. What is the scientific name of human ,pea ,peacock and ostrich ?
Ans. Homo sapiens sapiens Pea - Pisum sativum Peacock - Pavo cristatus Ostrich - struthio.
47. Q. (i) Identify the class of animals having the following characteristic features.
(a) The warm blooded animals that lay eggs and have four chambered heart and a covering of feathers.
(b) The cold blooded animals having scales and they breathe through lungs.
(ii) Give one example of an animal belonging to each of these classes.
Ans. (i) (a) Aves (b) Reptilia (ii) (b) Aves Example – Duck Reptilia Example – Lizard
48. Q. In the hierarchy of classification, which grouping will have the smallest number of organisms with maximum characteristics in common and which will have the largest number of organisms?
Ans. In the hierarchy of classification, the category ‘‘species’’ has the smallest number of organisms with a maximum of characteristics in common. On the other side, the category ‘‘kingdom’’ has the largest number of organisms as it is at the top level of the hierarchy.
49. Q. On the basis of seed how a maize plant is different from a pea plant?
Ans: Maize plant is different from a pea plant because in maize seeds contain only one cotyledon in the embryo. While in pea plants seeds contain two cotyledons in the embryo.
50. Q. Define the terms and give one example of each (i) Bilateral symmetry (ii) Coelom (iii) Triplobastic
Ans. (i) Bilateral symmetry – When the body of an organism can be cut into similar halves which are mirror images of each other, only by one plane. Example – man
(ii) Coelom – Body cavity of tripoblastic animals lying within the mesoderm and lined by it. Example – Annelida
(iii)Triploblastic – Animals having a body made of three germ layers : ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Example – Fasciola (liver fluke)
51. Q. Why do we keep both snake and turtle in the same class?
Ans: We keep snake turtle in same class because
Because both are (i) cold blooded (ii) have scales (iii) breathe through lungs (iv) have three chamberd heart.
(v) They do not need to lay thin eggs in water.
Diversity in Living Organisms class 9 solved more than 150 Questions for CBSE exam
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